\begin{thebibliography}{10}

\bibitem{csa}
N.~Cardwell, S.~Savage, and T.~Anderson,
\newblock ``Modeling {TCP} latency,''
\newblock in {\em Proc. {IEEE} {INFOCOM} '2000}, Tel Aviv, Israel, Mar. 2000,
  vol.~3, pp. 1742--1751.

\bibitem{skv}
Biplab Sikdar, Shivkumar Kalyanaraman, and Kenneth~S. Vastola,
\newblock ``An integrated model for the latency and steady-state throughput of
  {TCP} connections,''
\newblock {\em Performance Evaluation}, vol. 46, no. 2-3, pp. 139--154, 2001.

\bibitem{pftk}
J.~Padhye, V.~Firoiu, D.~F. Towsley, and J.~F. Kurose,
\newblock ``Modeling {TCP} reno performance: A simple model and its empirical
  validation,''
\newblock {\em {IEEE/ACM} Trans. Networking}, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 133--145, Apr.
  2000.

\bibitem{kt}
K.~Thompson, G.~J.Miller, and R.~Wilder,
\newblock ``Wide-area internet traffic patterns and characteristics,''
\newblock {\em {IEEE} Network}, vol. 11, no. 6, November 1997.

\bibitem{kg}
K.~Claffy, G.~Miller, and K.~Thompson,
\newblock ``The nature of the beast: Recent traffic measurements from an
  internet backbone,''
\newblock in {\em Proc. of the {INET} '98}, July 1998.

\bibitem{hot}
J.~Heidemann, K.~Obraczka, and J.~Touch,
\newblock ``Modeling the performance of {HTTP} over several transport
  protocols,''
\newblock {\em {IEEE/ACM} Trans. Networking}, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 616--630, Oct.
  1997.

\bibitem{sk}
S.~Floyd and K.~Fall,
\newblock ``Promoting the use of end-to-end congestion control in the
  internet,''
\newblock {\em IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking}, August 1999.

\bibitem{to}
T.~J. Ott, T.~V. Lakshman, and L.~H. Wong,
\newblock ``Sred: Stabilized red,''
\newblock in {\em Proceedings of the INFOCOM '99}, March 1999.

\bibitem{jt}
J.~Blot and T.~Turletti,
\newblock ``Experience with rate control mechanisms for packet video in the
  internet,''
\newblock {\em Computer Communications Review}, vol. 28, no. 1, January 1998.

\bibitem{vrc}
L.~Vivisano, L.~Rizzo, and J.~Crowcroft,
\newblock ``Tcp-like congestion control for layered multicast data transfer,''
\newblock in {\em Proc. of {IEEE} {INFOCOM} '98}, April 1998.

\bibitem{bgh}
J.~Bolliger, T.~Gross, and U.~Hengartner,
\newblock ``Bandwidth modeling for network-aware applications,''
\newblock in {\em In Proceedings of the INFOCOM'99}, March 1999.

\bibitem{ps}
C.~Partridge and T.~J. Shepard,
\newblock ``{TCP/IP} performance over satellite links,''
\newblock {\em IEEE Network}, pp. 44--49, September 1997.

\bibitem{jm}
J.~Mahdavi,
\newblock ``{TCP} performance tuning,''
\newblock April 1997.

\bibitem{cbm}
C.~R. Cunha, A.~Bestavros, and M.~E. Crovella,
\newblock ``Characteristics of {WWW} client-based traces,''
\newblock technical report BU-CS-95-010, Boston University, July 1995.

\bibitem{tmsl}
M.~Mellia, I.~Stoica, and H.~Zhang,
\newblock ``{TCP} model for short lived flows,''
\newblock {\em {IEEE} Commun. Lett.}, vol. 6, pp. 85--87, Feb. 2002.

\bibitem{stevens}
W.~R. Stevens,
\newblock {\em {TCP}/{IP} illustrated}, vol.~1,
\newblock Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1994.

\bibitem{jacob}
V.~Jacobson,
\newblock ``Congestion avoidance and control,''
\newblock in {\em Proc. {SIGCOMM} '88}, Stanford, CA, 1988, pp. 314--329.

\bibitem{ns}
UCB/LBNL/VINT,
\newblock ``The network simulator ns-2,'' 2002.

\bibitem{harv}
M.~Mitzenmacher and R.~Rajaraman,
\newblock ``Towards more complete models of tcp latency and throughput,''
\newblock {\em Journal of Supercomputing}, vol. 20, no. 2, September 2001.

\bibitem{lakshman}
T.~Lakshman and U.~Madhow,
\newblock ``The performance of {TCP}/{IP} for networks with high
  bandwidth-delay products and random loss,''
\newblock {\em {IEEE/ACM} Trans. Networking}, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 336--350, July
  1997.

\bibitem{kumar}
A.~Kumar,
\newblock ``Comparative performance analysis of versions of {TCP} in a local
  network with a lossy link,''
\newblock {\em {IEEE/ACM} Trans. Networking}, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 485--498,
  1998.

\bibitem{mf}
J.~Mahdavi and S.~Flyod,
\newblock ``Tcp-friendly unicast rate-based flow control,''
\newblock Jan 1997,
\newblock Note sent to end2end-interest mailing list.

\bibitem{msmo}
M.~Mathis, J.~Semske, J.~Mahdavi, and T.~Ott,
\newblock ``The macroscopic behavior of the tcp congestion avoidance
  algorithm,''
\newblock {\em Computer Communication Review}, vol. 27, no. 3, July 1997.

\bibitem{okm}
T.~Ott, J.~Kemperman, and M.~Mathis,
\newblock ``Promoting the use of end-to-end congestion control in the
  internet,''
\newblock August 1996,
\newblock ftp://ftp.bellcore.com/pub/tjo/TCPwindow.ps.

\bibitem{casetti}
C.~Casetti and M.~Meo,
\newblock ``A new approach to model the stationary behavior of {TCP}
  connections,''
\newblock in {\em Proc. {IEEE} {INFOCOM} '2000}, Tel Aviv, Israel, Mar. 2000,
  pp. 367--375.

\bibitem{bssk}
H.~Balakrishnan, V.~Padmanabhan, S.~Seshan, R.~H. Katz, and M.~Stemm,
\newblock ``{TCP} behavior of a busy internet server. analysis and
  improvements,''
\newblock in {\em Proc. {IEEE} {INFOCOM} '98}, San Francisco, CA, Apr. 1998,
  pp. 252--262.

\bibitem{hoe}
J.~C. Hoe,
\newblock ``Start-up dynamics of {TCP}'s congestion control an davoideance
  schemes,''
\newblock M.S. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, June
  1995.

\end{thebibliography}